Apple Incorporation. Research

International Brotherhood of Teamsters essays

International Brotherhood of Teamsters essays The International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen, and Helpers of America, is one of the largest trade unions in the world. It was first chartered as the Team Drivers International Union in 1899. The name was changed to the International Brotherhood of Teamsters in 1903. The Teamsters came about like other unions because workers were not protected from economic exploitation or from the consequences of illness, disability, or unemployment. The Teamsters enabled employees to participate in many types of political activities and to protect themselves by political and economic means. The membership consists of about 1.7 million people in such different fields as transportation, warehousing, health care, office management, and construction, as well as many workers in the bakery, dairy, brewery, and food-processing industries. The Teamsters is the only union that represents every craft of workers in the airline industry. The union also represents a growing number of public employees, especially ones working in prisons. One out of every ten union members is a teamster. The union is organized into five area conferences that help some 700 locals in the U.S., Canada, and Puerto Rico with regional contracts and negotiations. Their Headquarters is in Washington, D.C. Unlike other labor unions, the Teamsters union is structured to promote strong local unions, and strong local leaders. Since the locals negotiate most Teamster contracts and provide most of the services to the members. At the union's headquarters in Washington, D.C., the International Brotherhood of Teamsters supports local unions with coordination of national contract negotiations, political action, and organizing; Training and educational programs for local leaders, stewards, and members; Advice and assistance from experienced organizers, negotiators, researchers, attorneys, safety and health professionals, auditors, and communications specialists....

The Effects of Microburst on Small Aircraft Research Paper

The Effects of Microburst on Small Aircraft - Research Paper Example In extreme dry conditions when moist convection is just barely possible, cumulus clouds with very high bases form above the surface; below this high-based cloud layer there is a deep, dry adiabatic layer of microburst. In extreme wet conditions a deep, nearly saturated layer with a nearly moist pseudoadiabatic lapse rate forms that is topped by an elevated dry layer which is a cause of microburst. In case of dry microburst the rain falls below the cloud base mixes with dry air from where it begins to evaporate and this evaporation process cools the air. The cool air descends and accelerates as it approaches the ground from where it spreads in all directions and the divergence of wind is the sign of a microburst. The wet microburst is accompanied by heavy rainfall at the surface which are warmer then the environment. This downburst pushes the downward acceleration of parcels that cause negative buoyancy which tends to drive dry microburst. Wind shear is the difference in wind speed and direction over a short distance in the atmosphere. The extent and suddenness of a microburst accompanied with low-level wind shears are a cause of many fatal aircraft crashes; particularly they affect in landing and take-off phases. The microburst is recorded to last no more then 15 minutes from the time they strike on the ground. During the first 5 minutes the horizontal wind continues to rise with maximum intensity lasting 2-4 minutes Sometimes microburst are concentrated into a line structure, and under these conditions, activity may continue for as long as an hour. Once microburst activity starts, multiple microbursts in the same general area are not uncommon and should be expected. Hazards to flight The strong, concentrated winds along with rainfall and thunderstorms have caused fatal aircraft accidents. (Downbursts, Fujita, 1985). As the aircraft enters in the way of microburst, it encounters an increased head wind. This head wind lifts the aircraft, the pilots reacts to correct the aircraft approach angle by reducing engine power. The aircraft then passes into the vertically descending microburst core which results in a loss of lift and altitude. Immediately the aircraft crosses into a region of tail winds (the wind which blows in the direction of the object), which reduces the relative airspeed of the aircraft and further decreases lift, causing the aircraft to lose more altitude. Because the aircraft is now flying on reduced power, it is vulnerable to sudden losses of airspeed and altitude. The microburst is often of right scale and intensity to crash an aircraft which is evident by a number of accidents associated with microburst over about a decade. The crew and passengers all become victims to the crash and give their lives. There are a large number of human losses especially if microburst attacks at the time of take-off and landing. Predicting Microburst Microburst has always been a challenge for safety issues regarding the aircraft and small business jets. Its prediction, detection and avoidance are an issue of big concern for aviation authority. The pilots are unable to maintain the balance of strong winds and historically this has plagued the entire civil aircraft types including large commercial transports, regional airliners, business jets, and small personal-owner general

Disability and Workability with Diabetes Coursework

Disability and Workability with Diabetes - Coursework Example This research appraisal aims to broaden the awareness of the health care providers of the latest status and trends in nursing research and practice, specifically on: (1) identifying the similarities and differences of the qualitative and quantitative research designs, (2) to identify the implications of the three studies in relevance to the nursing practice particularly in the perspective of occupational health nursing, and (3) to gather information on the proper nursing management of clients with diabetes at work, their legal rights as to the limitations set forth on the Disability Discrimination Act of London (1995) in order to make their activities of daily living more meaningful in spite of having diabetes. Appraised for this purpose are the three recent research studies on diabetes conducted by the renowned medical and nursing research teams in the United Kingdom. These are: (1) Disability & Workability: Diabetes – An Occupational Health Nursing Case Study (NHS Education for Scotland, 2004, pp.21-24) – a qualitative research; (2) The Socio-Economic Factors and Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes (Coates, et al., January 2008, pp. 1-113) – a quantitative research; and (3) Effectiveness of Self-Management Intervention in Patients with Screen-Detected Type 2 Diabetes (Thoolen, et al., November 2007, pp. 1-6) – a quantitative research. This case study highlights some of the issues to be considered in the workplace for an employee with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes. It also illustrates the need for collaborative working between the multidisciplinary professionals caring for the employee in the community and occupational health services. The implications of this study for nursing practice, particularly to occupational health nurse, are as follows: Be aware of what illnesses and disabilities are taken into account under the Disability Discrimination Act (1995) and ask your client if his or her disability affects the ability to carry out tasks at work.

Compare or contrast two consumer items of the same type (Iphone ) Essay

Compare or contrast two consumer items of the same type (Iphone ) - Essay Example For some people the two phones are not different. However, the two phones differ in many ways. The main difference between iPhone 4 and the iPhone 4s is on the phone’s camera. The iPhone 4 had a 5MP camera while the new iPhone 4s has a camera with 8Mp, which is considered the best camera that a phone can have. Additionally, the iPhone 4S has an increased aperture which is f/2.4 as compared to the f/2.8 aperture size in iPhone 4. The video of the iPhone 4s has also been improved as compared to that of the iPhone 4. The iPhone 4 could shoot in HD 720p while the iPhone 4S can shoot videos at HD1080p. Additionally, the iPhone 4s has added video stabilization ability as compared to iPhone 4 (Apples Web). Another difference between iPhone 4 and iPhone 4s is on the storage. iPhone 4S has an internal storage capacity of 64GB. On the contrary, the iPhone 4 had an internal storage capacity of 32GB. Additionally, the iPhone 4S has a memory card slot expansion which is a feature lacking in previous iPhones including iPhone 4 (Apples Web). Additional difference between iPhone 4S and the iPhone 4 is on the antennae. The iPhones possess different number of antennae such that they can switch between the different antennae while calling. The iPhone 4 (GSM) has three antenna breaks while the iPhone 4S have four antennae. The iPhone 4 and the iPhone 4S differ in appearance slightly. The iPhone 4s has an access panel and enclosed Micro SIM while the iPhone 4 (CDMA) lacks the access panel as well as the enclosed SIM card. Additionally, the iPhone 4 and the iPhone 4S is the serial numbers which are located on the back(Apples Web). An extra difference between iPhone 4S and the iPhone is on the internal processor. The iPhone 4S ha dual-core Apple A5 processor while the iPhone 4 has a single core A4 processor. Both iPhone 4 and the iPhone 4S have 512 MB RAM. However, the iPhone 4S is two time faster than the iPhone 4. Additionally, the

Equal opportunities and preventing discrimination

Equal opportunities and preventing discrimination The aim of this assignment is to focus on equal opportunities and the laws set up to protect people from discrimination on the basis of their gender, race, age and disability by providing a framework for the most vulnerable groups in society who, without legislation may feel their rights have been infringed. Prejudice and stereotyping is something we are all guilty of. From our own life experiences, beliefs and values we make assumptions about people from the way they look, speak and behave towards us. It is especially important in health care to be sensitive to the service users requirements. Negative language and labelling can make the service user feel unworthy, intimidated and deterred from accessing the very services they require. All care providers need to ensure that they view their patients as unique individuals, promoting their individual rights and supporting them in making decisions. Language is key, if the service user cannot communicate then an advocate or interpreter is required so they do not feel discriminated against. The use of positive language can be beneficial to the service user in empowering them to make choices and have greater control over the treatment they receive. Society has changed considerably in the last 40 years and we have become much more multi-cultural. Our attitudes and beliefs have had to change too e.g. more women in the workplace etc The Government has introduced equality legislation to protect vulnerable groups that may otherwise have no voice. By introducing acts that protect these groups from discrimination e.g. the disabled, mentally ill and other minority groups it ensures there is a set of legal guidelines in the way people are treated and that they have equal access to the same services and rights as everyone else. Most caring roles are governed by legislation. Older people, people with a learning disability, physical disabilities or mental health problems have service provisions, rights and other requirements laid down by the law but no overall framework for protection of abuse, except for that of children. This part of the assignment looks at The Mental Health Act, why it was conceived, who it aims to help and its limitations in practice. The basis of the act can be traced back to 1601 when The Poor Law was created but it has come a long way since then. In 1983 The Mental Health Act was put in place to protect those suffering from a disorder or disability of the mind. In previous times those with mental health issues may have found themselves locked away from society, with no proper treatment and no guidelines on how they should be treated. It wasnt unusual for young unmarried mothers to find themselves institutionalised as society found them to be deviant and morally deficient. It wasnt until the 1959 Mental Health Act reform that it was considered wrong to punish these women, however many had already been locked away and the damage done. The 1980s saw large-scale closures of psychiatric institutions in favour of the Governments care in the community policy, large numbers of long term patients were discharged into the community. By promoting the least restrictive alternative many were given freedom, the Reed Report stated care arrangements for people with mental health problems should have proper regard to the quality of care and the needs of individuals; as far as possible, in the community, rather than in institutional settings; under conditions of no greater security than is justified by the degree of danger; so as to maximise rehabilitation and the chances of sustaining an independent life; as close as possible to their own homes and families. (Mind.co.uk,2010) The 1983 Mental Health Act focuses on the assessment and treatment of people with mental health issues. The legislation has several sections. Each section provides guidance on dealing with specific situations that may arrive when a person has significant mental health problems. The following are some of the sections of the Act that must be adhered to; Section 1 gives definitions of mental disorder Section 2 describes the situations in which people can be admitted to hospital compulsorily, providing specific timeframes in which assessment must be undertaken Section 3 describes the provisions for admission for treatment, again there are specific guidelines regarding timescales Section 4 is regarding emergency admissions Section 5 is about detention of a voluntary patient for a period of assessment There are sections which deal with taking people to a place of safety and also sections relating to admissions linked to criminal behaviour. Val Michie et al,2008,(p230-231) Sectioning a person (detaining them against their will) is part of the act that needs to be done correctly as you are denying the person their right of freedom. This can only be done if the person shows significant harm to themselves or others. The Mental Capacity Act 2005 provides a framework to empower and protect people who are unable to make decisions themselves. By the use of advocates and health professionals any decisions they make can be supported. It enables those with mental health issues to plan ahead of time in the event that they lose mental capacity and so their wishes can be considered. The Mental Health Bill aims to bring together and simplify the Mental Health Act 1983 and the Mental Capacity Act 2005 by making it easier to understand the rules on detention and definitions of mental disorders. Supervised community support can be put in place using a variety of health professionals to ensure access to treatment. The Bill introduces safeguards to stop people being locked away for long periods of time without being reviewed at regular intervals and denying them the right to their liberty. The Act however does have its limitations; lack of resources, funding, low staffing levels and poor communications between agencies, vulnerable people may escape the system and cause danger to themselves and others. There have been many high profile cases of mentally ill patients slipping through the net, being released from hospital too early and not receiving the support they need. In August 2007 Vivian Gamor was detained indefinitely under the Mental Health Act 1983 after admitting to two counts of manslaughter at the Old Bailey. Vivian had been showing increasing signs of mental illness three years prior to this, her condition deteriorated to the point where she attacked her half-sister with a knife. This led to her being sectioned under the Mental Health Act and detained in hospital where she was diagnosed as suffering from schizophrenia. Doctors felt they could control her symptoms with drugs and 28 days later she was released. Her two children had been living with their father who was unaware of the reasons for Vivians sectioning. The children were killed on the third unsupervised visit to their mother. Antoine, 10, was beaten around the head with a hammer and then strangled while Kenniece, 3, was suffocated with cling film and her corpse stuffed into a black bin bag. Lord laming who chaired the public inquiry into the death of Victoria Climbie said It seems to me that had the whole range of services been directed to supporting that mother and thinking and bringing to bear all their different resources it may have been possible to prevent that mother doing what I dont imagine she ever intended to do and the children paid the ultimate price for the failure of organisations to actually carry out their duty. (BBC News, 2008) A serious case review by the City and Hackney Local Safeguarding Childrens Board was launched with its results finding a lack of communication between agencies involved in the case. Guidelines under the Childrens Act obviously failed to provide the children safety and protection. Vivian had stopped taking her medication for up 10 days before the murders and was failed by the Mental Health Act as she posed a danger to herself and others. The childrens father was not married to Vivian, the law stated he had no parental rights at that time and could not stop her from having access to the children. Alan Wood, director of childrens services at Hackney Council, said: This case highlights how unpredictable mental illness can be, and the dreadful impact it can have on families. It also shows how child protection services and mental health services need to work ever more closely to successfully protect children in the future. (Communitycare.co.uk, 2008) There have been many studies into murder associated with mental health. One published in the British Journal of Psychiatry2008 called homicide due to mental disorder in England and Wales over 50- years, which looked at murders from 1946-2004. The researchers found that the number of murders committed by people with mental health problems had risen until the 1970s. Since then murder in the general population continued to grow, while those associated with mental health fell to very low levels. The researchers felt that the fall was due to better treatment and understanding within mental health. (The British Journal of Psychiatry, 2008) With the introduction of the Mental Health Act 1983, figures have shown that the legislation on the whole is successful, providing more support and treatment for sufferers of mental illness. It is those cases where the system has failed that are sensationalised, creating a negative image that people with mental illness are dangerous and pose a threat to the rest of society when this has shown not to be the case. The final part of the assignment shows how discrimination upon the individual in health care can greatly affect the way they feel about themselves and the treatment they receive. Prejudice is to prejudge, to already have an opinion or bias about a particular group of people. It is easy to assume and discriminate when an overweight person has type 2 diabetes that they have bought it on themselves, to label them as lazy and that they do not care about their own health needs. If the service user feels they are being treated this way then they can internalise those feelings and become depressed or angry. This can then lead to them feeling they are not worthy and unable to ask for or receive the help that they require. The service user is then marginalised, feeling that no-one cares leaving them isolated and vulnerable, their self-esteem suffers and the cycle of disadvantage sets in making them feel trapped in their own hopelessness, dealing with not only their medical problems but emotio nal ones too. Word Count: 1444 References. Michie,V.Baker,L.Boys,D. and McAleavy,J.,2008.BTEC National Health Social Care. Book 2: Cheltenham:Nelson Thornes Ltd. BBC News.co.uk, 2008.My two children should be alive. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 19.11.2010] Community Care.Co.UK, 2008. Hackney criticised in Vivian Gamor serious case review. [Online] Available at:[Accessed 24.11.2010] Mind.co.uk,2010. Dangerousness and mental health: the facts. [Online] Available at:[Accessed 19.11.2010] The British Journal of Psychiatry, 2008. Homicide due to mental disorder in England and Wales over 50 years. [Online] Available at:[Accessed 24.11.2010]

We Wear the Mask :: essays research papers

â€Å"We Wear the Mask†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are times in life where we are forced to do something we do not really want to do. There are certain situations like this that come to my mind. Every so often, my family gets together. As a teenager, I do not want to be confined. I realize some of my relatives are a lot older than me and I should spend as much time with them as I can. When my family gets together, I frequently am forced to go to these events and put a smile on my face. I am acting. I am putting on my â€Å"mask† and pretending that I am happy. This artificial face is the subject of Paul Laurence Dunbar’s poem, â€Å"We Wear the Mask.† Dunbar expresses his feelings on what African-Americans were forced to do a century ago. People thought they were happy doing the work they did for the white culture. In reality, they were not. That is the point Dunbar tries to explain to his readers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have never published a poem attacking what my family makes me do and how I put on a joyous face. Dunbar wrote â€Å"We Wear the Mask† in 1903, at the peak of resistance to the Jim Crow laws. Granted, being forced to go to a family reunion is so trivial compared to climbing out of slavery. Fortunately, for African Americans, the turn of the 20th century was when they started to come out from behind the masks. â€Å"We Wear the Mask† was as important to the freedom movement as the TV was for advertising, or the car was for transportation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dunbar uses irony to express what the mask really is. As the poem opens, I for one was confused at what it was about. With no prior of Paul Laurence Dunbar, I had no idea what to expect. The opening lines of the poem read â€Å"We wear the mask that grins and lies, It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes.† My first thought was this poem was written by an avid actor. I believed he was explaining the difference between himself on and off stage. It turns out I was totally wrong after reading through the rest of the poem. The mask is a symbol. It is a symbol of the heartache each African-American faced in the 19th century. The heartache they rarely displayed because of the fear of what would happen to them if they began an uprising against the white culture. We Wear the Mask :: essays research papers â€Å"We Wear the Mask†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are times in life where we are forced to do something we do not really want to do. There are certain situations like this that come to my mind. Every so often, my family gets together. As a teenager, I do not want to be confined. I realize some of my relatives are a lot older than me and I should spend as much time with them as I can. When my family gets together, I frequently am forced to go to these events and put a smile on my face. I am acting. I am putting on my â€Å"mask† and pretending that I am happy. This artificial face is the subject of Paul Laurence Dunbar’s poem, â€Å"We Wear the Mask.† Dunbar expresses his feelings on what African-Americans were forced to do a century ago. People thought they were happy doing the work they did for the white culture. In reality, they were not. That is the point Dunbar tries to explain to his readers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have never published a poem attacking what my family makes me do and how I put on a joyous face. Dunbar wrote â€Å"We Wear the Mask† in 1903, at the peak of resistance to the Jim Crow laws. Granted, being forced to go to a family reunion is so trivial compared to climbing out of slavery. Fortunately, for African Americans, the turn of the 20th century was when they started to come out from behind the masks. â€Å"We Wear the Mask† was as important to the freedom movement as the TV was for advertising, or the car was for transportation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dunbar uses irony to express what the mask really is. As the poem opens, I for one was confused at what it was about. With no prior of Paul Laurence Dunbar, I had no idea what to expect. The opening lines of the poem read â€Å"We wear the mask that grins and lies, It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes.† My first thought was this poem was written by an avid actor. I believed he was explaining the difference between himself on and off stage. It turns out I was totally wrong after reading through the rest of the poem. The mask is a symbol. It is a symbol of the heartache each African-American faced in the 19th century. The heartache they rarely displayed because of the fear of what would happen to them if they began an uprising against the white culture.